Jun 16, 2017 ordinarily, light particles photons dont interact. Five lectures on optical quantum computing pieter kok a quantum computer is a machine that can perform certain calculations much faster than a classical computer by using the laws of quantum mechanics. A quantum computer is a machine that can perform certain calculations much faster than a classical computer by using the laws of quantum mechanics. Aim to use quantum mechanical phenomena that have no classical counterpart for computational purposes. Quantum computers provide a neat shortcut to solving a range of mathematical tasks known as npcomplete problems. Neutral atom quantum computing state preparation, state measurement, single qubit gates, two qubit gates thanks to b. You might find it useful to think of a qubit as the polarization of a photon, two hyperfine states of an atom, etc.
John watrouss lecture notes university of waterloo. Quantum computing began in the early 1980s, when physicist paul benioff proposed a quantum mechanical model of the turing machine. Starting from the lectures ep3 optics and quantum phenomena and ep4 atomic and molecular physics, the lecture discusses lightmatter interaction in different systems as well as the quantum nature of light. A gentle introduction eleanor rieffel and wolfgang polak. For us, a quantum system is just something whose state is a complex unit vector. Quantum mechanics is a mathematical language, much like calculus. Devices that perform quantum information processing are known as quantum computers. Quantum computing is a relatively new area of computing that has the potential to greatly speed up the solution of certain problems. My aim is to help students and faculty to download study materials at one place.
Overall, lectures on quantum mechanics must be considered among the very best books on the subject for those who have had a good undergraduate introduction. Part of the lecture notes in physics book series lnp, volume 787 a quantum computer is a machine that can perform certain calculations much faster than a classical computer by using the laws of. These notes are an expanded version of the five lectures i gave on the possibility of making a quantum computer using light, at the summer school in theoretical physics in durban, 1424 january, 2007. Request pdf five lectures on optical quantum computing a quantum computer is a machine that can perform certain calculations much faster than a classical computer by using the laws of quantum. Quantum beats, quantum demolition measurements final project part 2 due dec. The aim of these lectures is to explain these important results. On page 1 of lecture 2 you use a superscript, but notes dont say what it means. Nov 06, 2017 institute for quantum computing 19,762 views 1. If two photons collide in a vacuum, they simply pass through each other.
This page contains lecture notes for a couple of courses ive taught. Manipulation of a single qubit with microwave elds 3. Five lectures on optical quantum computing kok, pieter. Quantum computers harness a strange physical property called superposition, in which a quantum particle can be said to inhabit two contradictory states at the same time. Our experiments suggest that good quality relighting and transport inversion are possible from a few dozen lowdynamic range photos, even for scenes with complex shadows, caustics, and other challenging lighting effects. The josephson junction is the basic building block of a superconducting qubit, and thus a quantum. Linear optical quantum computing or linear optics quantum computation loqc is a paradigm of quantum computation, allowing under certain conditions, described below universal quantum computation. Quantum complexity theory limits of quantum computers. Real computing devices are embodied in a larger and often richer physical reality than is represented by the idealized computing model. Analog approaches are further divided into quantum. These lecture notes were formed in small chunks during my \ quantum computing course at the university of amsterdam, febmay 2011, and compiled into one text thereafter. Wills physics laboratory and department of electrical and electronic engineering, university of bristol, merchant. Lectures the following lecture plan may be subject to small changes.
Ray optics and optical systems optical resonators integrated optics. Quantum computation, where bits are replaced by qubits. Quantum information processing is the result of using the physical reality that quantum theory tells us about for the purposes of performing tasks that were previously thought impossible or infeasible. Just as classical physics uses calculus to explain nature, quantum physics uses quantum mechanics to explain nature. Fundamental properties of cbits and qbits it is tempting to say that a quantum computer is one whose operation is governed by the laws of quantum mechanics. The following lecture notes are based on the book quantum computation and quantum information by michael a. Quantum computing is the use of quantum mechanical phenomena such as superposition and entanglement to perform computation. Basic path of information through an optical computer information gets sent in from keyboard, mouse, or other external sources and goes to the processor. Actually, this is a very hip and modern ahistorical way to learn quantum. Quantum computer by nisarg y bhagavantanavarbrief flow of the presentation. A quantum computer is a machine that can perform certain calculations much faster than a classical computer by using the laws of quantum. Linear optical quantum computing with photonic qubits. Lectures on quantum information wiley online books.
Five lectures on optical quantum computing nasaads. This set of supplementary lecture notes is the outgrowth of a course i taught, ece 487, quantum electronics, at ece department, university of illinois at urbanachampaign. Intro to quantum information science john g faughnan says. Building qubits phase across junction energy maximum 0 energy energy minimum energy diagram of a junction electrons weak link superconductor what are the basic principles. Diderot all course announcements, discussion, lecture notes, lecture videos, and homework will be on diderot. Jan 29, 2019 the secret to a quantum computers power lies in its ability to generate and manipulate quantum bits, or qubits. Each chapter was covered in a lecture of 2 45 minutes, with an additional 45minute lecture for exercises and homework. They are for a mathbased quantum computing course that i. Quantum information lecture seriesfor studentsfirst.
Photons as qubits, phase shifters, beam splitters, polarization rotations, polarizing beam splitters, interferometers. What is more, we do at this moment not know which physical system is the best suited for making a quantum computer. These include atom and iontrap quantum computing, superconducting charge and. Lectures on quantum computing ucf cs university of central. An example is presented when decoherence and quantum interference gives rise to narrow eigenstates in coordinate representation for the reduced density matrix of macroscopic quantum systems. Session 1 reading pdf session 1 lecture slides pdf 2. Pdf quantum computing lecture notes deepankar jordon. Early optical quantum computers and nonlinearities. Citeseerx five lectures on optical quantum computing. Pdf models of optical quantum computing researchgate. An entangled tale of quantun entanglement introduction to coding theory. A quantum computer is used to perform such computation, which can be implemented theoretically or physically i5 there are currently two main approaches to physically implementing a quantum computer. Landau levels, entanglement, and quantum computing.
Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. They can be used freely, but please understand that they are just lecture notes and undoubtedly contain errors. Schrodinger equation and stationary states harmonic oscillator and hydrogen atom wave mechanics. Quantum computers do not exist yet, because it is extremely difficult to control quantum. Richard feynman and yuri manin later suggested that a quantum computer had the potential to simulate things that a classical computer could not. Lecture notes on quantum computation cornell university, physics 481681, cs 483. Quantum computing exploits the quantum mechanical nature of matter to simultaneously exist in multiple possible states. Loqc uses photons as information carriers, mainly uses linear optical elements, or optical instruments including reciprocal mirrors and waveplates to process quantum. Lecture notes for nonlinear and quantum optics phys 953 fall 2007.
Theory of quantum information notes from fall 2011. Todays computers use bitsa stream of electrical or optical. Sep 12, 2012 download free lecture notes slides ppt pdf ebooks this blog contains a huge collection of various lectures notes, slides, ebooks in ppt, pdf and html format in all subjects. There are quite a few proposals using light for quantum computing. Marinescu computer science department university of central florida email. Quantum computers do not exist yet, because it is extremely difficult to control quantum mechanical systems to the necessary degree. It is seen that the richness of quantum physics will greatly a ect the future generation technologies in many aspects. The system of finite linear optical elements constructs a network of linear optics, which can realize any quantum circuit diagram or quantum network based on the quantum circuit model. At the leading edge of a new technology, discipline, and industry a programmingfirst approach a great way to challenge yourself to think about computation in a totally new way. Many emerging technologies require the understanding of quantum mechanics. Five lectures on optical quantum computing springerlink. Quantum information processing is the result of using the physical reality that quantum theory tells us about for the purposes of performing tasks that were. Just as classical computers can be thought of in boolean algebra terms, quantum computers are reasoned about with quantum mechanics. An efficient way to make photons interact could open new prospects for both classical optics and quantum computing, an experimental technology that promises large speedups on some types of calculations.
Lecture notes on optical quantum computing internet archive. Five lectures on optical quantum computing request pdf. Here we show that there is much more to quantum computing by exploring some of the many quantum. Its ultimate goal is to harness quantum physics to conceive and ultimately build quantum computers that would dramatically overtake the capabilities of todays classical computers. Processor then sends the information through logic gates and switches. Quantum computers do not exist yet, because it is extremely dif. Quantum computation and quantum information 2018 course bulletin board. The quantum information processing project focuses on developing future technologies based on quantum mechanics. The josephson junction is the basic building block of a superconducting qubit, and thus a quantum computer.
Coupled mode theory optical fibers anisotropic media. Neutral atom quantum computing qs3 quantum science. The integration of clearly explained formalism with cogent physical examples is masterful, and the depth of knowledge and insight that weinberg shares with readers is compelling. Quantum information processing is a young and rapidly growing field of research at the intersection of physics, mathematics, and computer science. Childs department of computer science, institute for advanced computer studies, and. Quantum computation is the field that investigates the computational power. Topics covered include quantum metrology, optical clocks, quantum communication, quantum computing, quantum simulation, and quantum.
Introduction to optical quantum information processing quantum information processing offers fundamental improvements over classical information processing, such as computing power, secure communication, and highprecision measurements. Each chapter was covered in a lecture of 2 45 minutes, with an additional 45minute lecture. Optical path inside a medium, is called the optical depth of the. Violation of bells theorem using an optical parametric amplifier g9 nov. This course is an introduction to quantum information theory qubits, quantum gates, and qubit systems. One promising approach for scalable quantum computing is to use an alloptical architecture, in which the qubits are represented by photons and manipulated by mirrors and beam splitters. In 2001, all optical quantum computing became feasible with the discovery that scalable quantum computing is possible using only singlephoton sources, linear optical elements, and singlephoton. Quantum computation is the eld that investigates the computational power and other properties of computers based on quantum mechanical principles. However, the best way to create practical devices is not yet known. Mark oskin department of computer science and engineering university of washington.
However, quantum computers work in a fundamentally di erent way than classical computers. Zoller boulder 2004 outline what is quantum optics. Introduction to optical quantum information processing. Building up on the digital binary logic of bits, quantum computing is built on the basis of interacting twolevel quantum systems or qubits that follow the laws of quantum mechanics. May 29, 2007 these notes are an expanded version of the five lectures i gave on the possibility of making a quantum computer using light, at the summer school in theoretical physics in durban, 1424 january, 2007. It detains the promise of computing power beyond the capabilities of any classical computer. Building up on the digital binary logic of bits, quantum computing is built on the basis of interacting twolevel quantum systems or qubits that follow the laws of quantum. Quantum computing, lecture 1 giacomo nannicini ibm t.
We will focus on the applications of anyons to quantum computing, not on the equally important issue of how systems of anyons with. There are quite a few proposals using light for quantum computing, and i can highlight only a few here. In this course we will study the model of computation and several algorithms in areas of interest to operations research. Quantum computing factoring, discrete log search e. It covers a few selected quantum algorithms, yet the emphasis of the course is on quantum simulation i. Optical computing for fast light transport analysis.
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